Apparatus for stretching filiform materials



Nov. .17, 1942.

s. sAoRDELLl APPAATUs FOR s'rETcHING FILIFORM MATERIALS original Filed oct. 21; 193e 2 Sheets-Sheet l NVENTOR Il. s

BY wm ATTORNEY ff Nov. 17, :41942. s. SORDELLI 2,302,508

: APPARATUS FOR STRETCHING FILIFORM MATERIALS Original Filed Oct. 2l, 1936 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 F/g INVENTOR n SVH/77d Sarde/' ATTORNEY Patented Noi-f.- i/g 11%@2 APPARATUS FOR STRETCHING FILIFORM MATERIALS Stefano Sordelli, Turin, Italy; vested in the Alien Property Custodian Original application October 21, 1936, Serial No.

106,911. Divided and this application September 30, 1939, Serial No. 297,359. In Italy November 23, 1935 9 claims. (c1. :2s-57)' My invention relates to an apparatus substanever has been more particularly designed and tially in the form of a winding frame, adapted to applied for progressively and continuously subject filiform materials, particularly artificial stretching artificial textile filaments, with the textile materials, to a progressive, continuous object of enhancing the mechanical properties of stretching action. The present application is these materials. a division of my pending application for Manu- The invention will now be particularly defacture of artificial textiles, filed October 21, scribed with reference toapreferred embodiment 1936, S, N. 106,911. thereof, designed for treating artificial textile Devices for subjecting textile materials genfilaments. For this purpose, the apparatus will erally t0 a stretching action are known in the 10 be mounted on the spinning machine itself, bespinning industry, said devices generally comtween the spinning nozzle and the thread rel.

prising a plurality of rollers, or pairs of rollers, ceiver (bobbin, centrifugal bx, conveying ribbon rotating at increasing speeds, over which the or the like) thereof, in such a manner that the textile materials are caused to successively pass, thread, unwinding from the apparatus, after whereby said materials undergo a certain degree having travelled thereon along a number Of of elongationf turns, goes to the receiver.

The present invention has for its object to Reference willV be had to the accompanying provide a new apparatus which is suitable for drawings, wherein:

causing stretching of flliform materials of every Fig. 1 is a side View of the apparatus partially kind, in a continuous and progressive manner. in sectionv through its longitudinal axis;

Said apparatus is substantiallyin the form of a Fig. 2 iS en end VieW along the aXiS of the ap winding frame having the general form of a paratlls;

frusturn of a cone, which upon being set rotating Fig. 3 is a perspective view of the apparatus about its axis promotes the winding 0f the lishowing the thread wound on it;

form material in a series of helical turns dis- Z5 Fig. 4 is a side view of one form of roller Which tributed over the apparatus from its end having l may be used in place 0f the cylindrical rollers the minimum diameter towards the opposite shown in the previous iigures; and

end having the maximum diameter, The n- Fig. 5 is a side View of another form of roller.

form material Winds up in a continuous man- The apparatus comprises 2 hollOW drum een-' ner onto the apparatus and unwinds therefrom erally indicated in the drawings by the referafter it has travelled along the said series of ence Character A, Consisting of two parts Subturns; during this movement the material unstantially in the form Of diSoS l and 2 joined t0- dergoes a continuous progressive stretching acgether so as to form a single piece, diSC 2 being tion, whereby it increases in length to an extent formed with a long hollOW Spindle 3, Coaxial With which depends upon the structural characteris- 30 the drum and mounted, With the interposition 0f tics of the apparatus, chiefly the length and the a bronze bushing, in a bored seating in a frame degree of conicity thereof. B. The drum A is thus free to revolve about its The apparatus according to my invention aXiS .1U-.'12, being driven in the following manner; makes it possible to obtain stretching of filiform the periphery of the drum is provided with a oirmaterials to an extent which is theoretically un- 40 cumferential series of teeth 4, which mesh with' limited and is also very great in practice, such a pinion 5, carried by a Shaft 6 the aXiS 0f Which' as 100% or more, while the apparatus itself is .is parallel to :1J-:c and -is mounted in a hearing of relatively Very small dimensions. Further- 'i provided in the frame B- The Opposite end 0f more the stretching is produced in a charactershaft B carries a bevel pinion 8 WhiCh iS engaged istic manner, as compared with that effected by by a second bevel pinion 9, keyed 0n a Sn'aft iii means of known devices comprising rollers or the axis of which is directed at right angles to pairs of rollers, such as mentioned above, in that the aXiS fr-l' of the apparatus- ThiS Shaft runs it takes place in a very great number of succesalong the spinning machine parallel to the Series sive steps of minimum value, so that it may be 0f Spinning DOZZleS, and may receive its moveassumed to be practically continuous and proment in any Conventional manner by the drive gressive. of the machine itself. The shaft I0 transmits The apparatus of this invention may be suitthe rotary motion t0 the drinn A through the ably employed for all industrial purposes, calling gears just described, and in exactly the same for the elongation through stretching of a fili-v y manner to each of the drums serving to the dfform material whatever. The apparatus howferent spinning nozzles in the machine.

The drum A acts as a support for eight cylindrical rollers, a1 aa, having one end rotatably mounted in said drum, the axes of said rollers being at an angle to the axis :rf-x and being spaced at equal intervals around a circurnerence. These axes meet a plane m-m perpendicular to the axis :v -3:, at the front of the drum A, indicated in Fig. 1 by m-m, at points spaced 45 from one another on a circumference having its centre on the axis :zc-; they are, however, askew with regard to the axis a:-:r, while lying on planes tangential to an imaginary cylinder having for its axis the axis .r-x and for its base the above mentioned circumference, and form with the generating lines of said cylinder an angle a.

The rollers a1 aa are mounted so that they overhang from the drum A, by means of end pins II which are free to revolve in bearings I2 and I3, provided in the front part I and the rear part 2 of the drum, respectively. Of course the axes of these bearings are askew with respect to the axis :c-x in accordance with the inclination of the rollers; it should, however, be noted that the axes of the rollers ai and aa are shown in Fig. 1 in a conventional manner, for the sake of simplicity, as if they were contained in the plane of the drawing. It should further be noted that the pins II for the rollers a4 and a2, for the sake of clarity, are not shown in the drawings.

On each of the pins I I is fixed a toothed helical wheel I 4 which engages with a central gear wheel I5; this latter receives, in consequence of the rotation of the drum A, a rotary motion in the same direction, but at a lower speed, through the action of the following gearing; the gear wheel I5 is keyed to a spindle I6 which is free to rotate within the hollow spindle 3 which carries a gear wheel I1 keyed to its end projecting beyond the hollow spindle 3. This latter also carries, on its end near the gear wheel II, a toothed Wheel I8. The gear wheels I1 and I8 engage respectively with two other gearv wheels I9 and 20, locked together but as a whole free to rotate on a fixed :tud 2I carried by the frame B. If the ratio of transmission between the gear wheels I1 and IB is suitably chosen, so that it be less thanlzl, the gear wheel I5 will turn, as has been mentioned, in the same direction as the drum A, but at a lower speed.

By virtue of the engagement between the gear wheels I4 of each single roller a and the central gear wheel I5, the rollers, besides being driven 4round as a whole with the drum A, receive each a separate rotating movement about its own axis in the same direction. The nearer the speed of the gear wheel I5 is to that of the drum A, the lower the individual speed of rotation of each separate roller about its own axis will be, and it is understood that the speed of rotation of the rollers may be suitably determined by varying the number of teeth in the gear wheels I1 20.

The rollers a are conveniently covered with rubber or other suitable materials.

In the operation of the apparatus the set of rollers a rotatably carried by drum A and revolving with it may be regarded as a winding frame, on which the thread coming from the spinning nozzle in the form of a bundle of laments is caused to wind itself. It is obvious that as a result of the simple rotation of the device around the axis .'r-x the thread would tend to wind itself according to a polygon lying in a plane at right angles to the said axis. However,

Cil

owing to the individual rotation of each o-f the rollers a, it will come about that the thread, along the small arc it embraces on each roller, will be drawn by the movement of the roller along a circumference at right angles to the axis of the roller and passing through the point at which the thread makes its rst contact with its surface. Owing to the Obliquity of the axis of the roller with respect to the axis of rotation of the device this displacement of the thread will therefore have Ythe effect of causing the thread to leave the plane perpendicular to the axis of the device, in a direction depending upon the Obliquity of the roller. The direction of such Obliquity having been suitably chosen, the turns of thread will be axially displaced starting from the side next the drum A towards the free end of the rollers. This will result in the thread assuming a generally helical direction, so that therewill be formed on the system of rollers a series of turns side by side, spaced from each other a small distance and carried on the device as on a winding frame (Fig. 3). Beginning' from the last turn towards the right, the thread r will be led to the receiver, for example, the box of a centrifugal spinning machine, for the final winding.

The direction of the rollers a, diverging from the axis :r-x towards their free ends, is such that their envelope may be considered as roughly trunco-conical; therefore the length of a helical turn wound in a polygon on the set of rollers will increase progressively as its distance from the drum A increases.

It must be observed that each turn of thread, after it has been wound on the system of rollers in proximity of the inner ends of the roller (f in Fig. 3) as a result of the rotation of the apparatus as a whole, is gradually shifted along said rollers, towards their outer end, by the eiect of their individual rotation; at the same time, owing to the general rotation of the device a new turn is Wound on at every revolution, beginning at f, and another is cast 01T, at r. In this operation the adherence between the thread and the surface of the rollers is, however, such as substantially to prevent any slipping of the turns at their points of contact, and as a consequence each turn, in passing from the point in which winding on the device begins, to the point where it is cast off, will be obliged to increase its length by a certain amount depending upon the degree of divergence between the rollers.

It is obvious that the constructional details of the apparatus may be even considerably modied or some parts may be substituted by others equivalent without going beyond the scope of the invention.

The shape of the rollers, particularly, may be other than cylindrical, with a view to controlling the clearance between the successive turns of the winding, and consequently the desired rate of stretching of the nliform material, at different points along the rollers. -The rollers may be conical, for instance, as shown in Fig. 5, or they may be shaped as represented in Fig. 4, wherein the outline of the portion from D to E, near the inner end of the roller, is an arc of a circle While the next portion from E to C is cylindrical, the outline of the arcuate portion of said rollers being substantially equivalent to a conical outline.

I claim:

1. An apparatus for stretching iiliform materials, particularly artificial textiles, comprising a carrier member mounted to revolve about a central axis, a plurality of rollers each rotatably mounted at one end on said carrier member, at points equally spacedl along a circumference concentric with the said central axis, the axes of said rollers being askew with respect to the said axis, said rollers together constituting a winding frame the envelope of which is substantially conical, the periphery of which increases from the inner or carrier end toward the outer end, means to impart a rotary motion to said carrier member, and means operatively associated therewith to simultaneously impart a rotary motion to said rollers in the same direction as and at a speed which is only a very small fraction of that of said carrier member.

2. An apparatus for stretching filiiorm materials, particularly artificial textiles, comprising a carrier member mounted to revolve about a central axis, a plurality of rollers each rotatably mounted at one end on said carrier member, at points equally spaced along a circumference concentric with the said central axis, the axes of said rollers being both divergent and askew with respect to the said axis, said rollers thus together constituting a substantially conical winding frame, the periphery ofy which increases from the inner or carrier end toward the outer end, means to impart a rotary motion to said carrier member, and means operatively associated therewith to simultaneously impart a rotary motion to said rollers in the same direction as and at a speed which is only a very small fraction of that of said carrier member.

3. An apparatus for stretchingrr liform materials, particularly artificial textiles, comprising a carrier member mounted to revolve about a central axis, a plurality of rollers each rotatably mounted at one end on said carrier member, at points equally spaced along a circumference concentric with the said central axis, the axes of said rollers being askew with respect to the said axis, said rollers together constituting a winding frame the envelope of which is substantially a cone, the periphery of which increases from the inner to the outer end, means to impart a rotary motion to said carrier member, and a planetary gearing to simultaneously impart a rotary motion to said rollers in the same direction as and at a speed which is only a very small fraction of that of said carrier member, said planetary gearing comprising a sun wheel coaxial with said carrier member, a planet wheel fixed on each roller, meshing with said sun wheel, and means for imparting a rotary motion to said sun wheel in the same direction as and at a speed somewhat lower than that of said carrier member.

4. An apparatus for stretching liform materials, particularly artificial textiles, comprising a carrier member mounted to revolve about a central axis, a plurality of rollers each rotatably mounted at one end on said carrier member, at points equally spaced along a circumference concentric with the said central axis, the axes of said rollers being both divergent and askew with respect to the said axis, said rollers thus together constituting a substantially conical Winding frame, the periphery of which increases from the inner to the outer end, means to impart a rotary motion to said carrier member, and a planetary gearing to simultaneously impart a rotary motion to said rollers in the same direction as and at a speed which is only a very small fraction of that of said carrier member, said planetary gearing comprising a sun wheel coaxial with said carrier member, a planet wheel xed on each roller, meshing with said sun wheel, and means for imparting a rotary motion to said sun wheel in the same direction as and at a speed somewhat lower than that of said carrier member.

5. An apparatus for stretching liform materials, particularly artiiiciartextiles, comprising a carrier member mounted to revolve about a central axis, a plurality of rollers each rotatably mounted at one end on said carrier member, at points equally spaced along a circumference concentric with the said central axis, the axes of said rollers being both divergent and askew with respect to the said axis, said rollers thus together constituting a substantially conical winding frame, the periphery of which increases from the inner to the outer end, means to impart a rotary motion to said carrier member, and a planetary gearing to simultaneously impart a rotary motion to said rollers in the same direction as and at a speed which is only a very small fraction of that of said carrier member, said planetary gearing comprising a sun wheel coaxial with said carrier member, a planet wheel xed on each roller, meshing with said sun wheel, and means interposed between said carrier member and said sun wheel transmitting movement from the former to the latter in the same direction but at a somewhat lower speed.

6, An apparatus for stretching liform materials, particularly artificial textiles, comprising a carrier member mounted to revolve about a central axis, 'a Vplurality of cylindrical rollers each rotatably'inounted at one end on said carrier member, at points equally spaced along a circumference concentric with the said central axis, the axes of said rollers being both divergent and askew with respect to the said axis, said rollers thus together constituting a substantially conical winding frame, the periphery of which increases from the inner to the outer end, means to impart a rotary motion to said carrier member, and a planetary gearing to simultaneously impart a rotary motion to said rollers in the same direction as and at a speed which is only a very small fraction'of that of said carrier member, said planetary gearing comprising a sun wheel coaxial with said carrier member. a

planet wheel xed on each roller, meshing with said sun wheel, and means for imparting a. rotary motion to said sun wheel in the same direction as and at a speed somewhat lower than that of said carrier member.

7. An apparatus for stretching iiliform materials, particularly artificial textiles, comprising a carrier member mounted to revolve about a central axis, a plurality of rollers each rotatably mounted at one end on said carrier member, at points equally spaced along a circumference con centric with the said central axis, said rollers being at least partly of subtantially conical shape, the axes of said rollers being both divergent and askew with respect to the said axis, said rollers thus together constituting a substantially conical winding frame, the periphery of which increases from the inner to the outer end, means to impart a rotary motion to said carrier member, and a planetary gearing to simultaneously impart a rotary motion to said rollers in the same direction as and ata speed which is only a`very small fraction of that of said carrier member, said planetary gearing comprising a sun wheel coaxial with said carrier member, a planet wheel fixed on each roller, meshing with said sun wheel, and means for imparting a rotary motion to said sun wheel in the same direction as and at a speed somewhat lower than that of said carrier member.

8. An apparatus for stretching liform materials, particularly artificial textiles, comprising a 5 carrier member mounted to revolve about a central axis, a plurality of rollers each rotatably mounted at one end on said carrier member, at points equally spaced along a circumference concentric with the said central axis, said rollers 1 having a partly arcuated outline, the axes of said rollers being both divergent and askew with respect to the said axis. said rollers thus together constituting a substantially conical winding frame, the periphery of which increases from 1 the inner to the outer end, means to impart a rotary motion to said carrier member, and a planetary gearing to simultaneously impart a rotary motion to said rollers in the said direction as and at a speed which is only a very small 20 9. An apparatus for stretching filiform materials, particularly articial textiles, comprising a carrier member having a rotatably mounted hollow shaft, a plurality of rollers each rotatably lmounted at one end only on and overhanging from said carrier member at points equally spaced along a circumference concentrie with said shaft, the axes of said rollers being both divergent and askew with respect to the axis of said shaft, said rollers thus together constituting a substantially conical winding frame, the periphery of which increases from the inner to the outer end, means to impart a rotary motion to said carrier member, a central shaft coaxial with and rotatably mounted within said hollow shaft, a planetary gearing to impart a rotary motion to said rollers in the same direction as and at a speed which is only a very small fraction. of that of said carrier member, said planetary gearing comprising a sun wheel xed on said central shaft and a planet wheel xed on each roller, meshing with said sun wheel, and a train of gears transmitting movement.from said hollow shaft to said central shaft in the same direction but at a somewhat lower speed.

STEFANO SORDELLI. 

